Machine



(No Model.) 11 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W3. BRIGGS. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 554,232. Patented Feb. 11, 1896.

INVENTOH WITNESSES A TTOHNE) (No Model.) 11 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. H. BRIGGS.

. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 554,232. Patented Feb. 11, 1896.

W/TIVESSES: I IIVVE/VTOH:

(No Model.) 11 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. H. BRIGGS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

N0. 554,232. Patented Feb. 11,1896;

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(No Model.)

"W. H. BRIGGSQ, TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Feb. 11, 189

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(No Model.) 1-1 Sheets- Sheet 9.

W. H. BRIGGS. TYPE WRITING .MAUHINE.

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INVENTUR ATTORNEY (No Models) 11 Sheds-Sheet s.

' W. H. BRIGGS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 554,232. Patented Feb. 11, 1896.

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WITNESSES: V INVENTOR- ArmR/vH 7 ANDREW 5.6RAHAM. PMOYO-LITHQWASNINGTOIJ C (No Model.)

w t e e h A m. e e h S S G G D B H W\ TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 554,23. Patented P 1). 11, 1896.

mm E r lnlIL INVENTOR ATTORNEY 11 Sheets Sheet 11.

W. H. BRIGGS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(No Model.)

- ihMWi V iNVENTDR Wag ATTORNEY |IIIIIIll lIIIl AN DREW BYQRAMM. momumo. WASHIN GYON. 0.0.

W ITN ESSES: 5 I {My UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VILLIAM II. BRIGGS, OF BROOKLYN, NEIV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO DARSA J. DENSMORE, OF SAME PLACE.

TYPE- WRlTlNG MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 554,232, dated February 11, 1896.

Application filed June 20, 1891. Serial No. 396,883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. BRIGGS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Brooklyn, inthe county of Kings and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in TypeJVriting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My improvements relate more particularly to type-writing machines of the bar or lever description, but are applicable some of them to machines of the wheel class.

The main objects of my invention are to provide a machine of simple and durable construction and one capable of meeting all of the requirements and performing in a su' perior manner all of the functions of a highclass type-writing machine.

To these main ends and objects my invention consists in the various features of construction and combinations and arrange ments of devices hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l. is a top plan view of the entire machine. Fig. 2 is a similar view with the paper-carriage, type-bars, finger-keys, &c., removed. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation. of the machine. Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section taken through the machine on the line .2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an enlarged elevation of the righthand end of the paper-carriage, showing also a part of the machine-frame, inking-ribbon, Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the platen ratchet-wheel and portions of the line spacing and regulating devices. Fig. 7 is an elevation of the whole machine, taken at the lefthand end or side. Fig. 8 is an enlarged elevation of the spring driving-drum and the devices for moving the ribbon spools and carriers laterally. Fig. 9 is a vertical section taken at the line y :1 of Fig. 8, and showing also the interior of the springdrum. Fig. 10 is an enlarged front elevation with the papercarriage turned up to more fully show the construction of the same and its feeding or cscapemcnt mechanism. Fig. 11 is an enlarged rear elevation of part of the papercarriage and the feeding or eseapement mechanism the pftf0z'ffll;'lflgc being turned down.

Fig. 12 is a vertical section taken at the line m w of Fig. 11, with portions of the framework of the machine added. Fig. 13 is a vertical section taken at the line w w, Fig. 10. Fig. 14 represents in section the bed and top plates of the machine, and shows in elevation the key-lever, connecting-rod, and typebar, the stemkey being both in elevation and section. Fig. 15 is a top view, partly in section, of one of the type-bar hangers and of several of the washers and screws employed in the mounting of the hangers. Fig. 1.6 is a cross-section taken at the line o '7. of Fig. 14. Fig. 17 is a side view of the upper end of a connecting rod or wire and the stirrup or clip by which it is joined to the type-bar. Fig. 18 is a sectional elevation of one of the stem-keys enlarged. Fig. 19 is an enlarged plan of a stem -key socket and a central vertical section therethrough, taken at the line it 11. Fig. 20 is an enlarged central vertical section of the stem-key cap or head. Fig. 21 is a bottom plan thereof. Fig. 22 is a plan view of the charac tor-disk adapted to be secured within said cap. Fig. 23 is an enlarged sectional view of a key-lever and the cheek-pieces or supports for receiving and holding the connecting-rod sockets. Fig. 24: is a face view of a portion of the key-lever fulcrum and guide bar situated at the front of the machine. Fig. 25 is a similar View of a like device situated at the rear of the machine. Fig. 26 is a top view of the type-rest and its supporting-arms. Fig. 27 is a plan View of the cushion-wire of the type-rest, and shown partly in section. Fig. 28 is an enlarged vertical section at the line If t, Fig. 26. Fig. 29 is a similar section at the line 5 s, Fig. 26. Fig. 30 is a vertical section at the line '7" '7", Fig. let. Fig. 31 is a similar enlarged section at the line (1 q, Fig. lat. Fig. 32 is a central vertical section enlarged, showing the mode of mounting the guide-rail. Fig. 33 is a general top plan view of the ribbonmoving mechanism. Fig. 34 is a top View of one of the ribbon-carriers enlarged. Fig. 35 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 36 is an enlarged View of the bell mechanism. Fig.

37 is a top view of a portion of the paper-carriage, to illustrate the escapement devices thereon and the devices for regulating the Fig. 38 is a rear pressure of the feectroller.

elevation of the same. Fig. 39 is a detail of the pivoted or vibratory dog. Fig. 40 is a detail of the rigid dog. Fig. 41 is a detail of the vibratory-dog stop. Fig. 42 is a detail of one of the feed-roller hangers. Fig. 43 is a cen tral vertical section of the line space-regulating devices. Fig. 44 is a vertical section at the line 13 p of Fig. 43. Fig. 45 is a detail of the right-hand-end carriage-abutment. Fig. 46 is a skeleton view to illustrate the ribbonmoving mechanism.

In the various views the same part will be found designated by the same numeral. of reference.

1 designates the bed-plate or base, 2 the type-ring or top plate, and 3 the framework generally, these portions being all preferably east in one piece.

The key-levers are compound levers, consisting of two simple levers 4 and 5, connected together at their inner ends by a pivot-pin G.

Beneath the flooring 7 of the bed-plate, at the front of the machine and extending its whole Width, is arranged a fulcrum and guide bar which is secured in place by screws 8 passin g down through the flooring at each side and engaging at their points with a threaded hole 9 formed at each end of said bar, which as an entirety is marked with the numeral 10. The said bar is hollowed out or open at its front side, as seen at 11, and is formed with a bottom ledge or fulcrum-support 12 and a series of vertical equidistant bars or plates 13 and intermediate slots or openings 14, as well as with a rib 15 which extends the whole length of the device 10, and is beveled on its under side, as seen at 16.

At the back of the machine and beneath the flooring 7, for the whole width, is arranged another hollow guide and fulcrum bar, (designated as a whole by the numeral 17,) secured in position like the bar 10 and consisting essentially of a series of vertical equidistant parallel bars or plates 18, intermediate slots or openings 19, and a longitudinal horizontally-arranged bar or bottom piece 20.

Each bar or plate 18 is formed near its up per end with an upwardly-inclinedslot 21 and near its lower end with a downwardly-inclined slot 22, said slots 21 and 22 being respectively at the same localities, so as to form two continuous parallel grooves 24 lengthwise of the bar 17. The upper ends of the plates 18, above the slots 21, and the lower ends, below the slots 22, preferably project forward beyond the intermediate portions and the continuous grooves formed by said slots, as seen at Fig.14. Within the continuous groove 23 is arranged a fulcrum wire or red 25 and within the groove 24 a supporting wire or rod 26.

The lever 5 of the compound key-lever is formed near its rear end with a notch or hearing 27 at its upper edge and with a notch or recess 28 at its lower edge. In assembling this lever its rear end is passed into an opening 19 formed by two adjacent plates 18, and the notch 27 is caused to embrace the fulcrumwire 25. The shank of a curved or bowed spring 29 is then passed into the opening 19 over the wire or red 26 and under the bottom piece or fixed support 20. The'front end of said spring, bent back into a short straight vertical portion 30, having a V-shaped notch 31, is then inserted into the recess 28 so that the legs or sides of the notch 31 straddle the lever 5, Fig. 31. The action of the spring is such as to keep the bottom of the notch 27 up against and in proper working relation to the fulcrum-wire 25, besides serving to return said lever and its connected parts to their normal positions after having been actuated. By fitting the front end of the spring into the recess 28 the spring is prevented from displacement longitudinally, while lateral displacement of the spring is avoided by the provision of the V-shaped notch or fork 31. The lever 5 is prevented from moving sidewise by the bars or wings 18.

The front end of the lever 4 is inserted in an opening 14 between two plates 13, which confine it laterally, and is rested or fulcrumed upon the support 12, where it may slide as well as turn.

The compound levers 4 5 are made of metal, preferably thin steel, and are corrugated or grooved near each edge, as seen at 32, Fig. 23, for stiffening and strengthening purposes.

The fingenkeys are all connected to the levers 4 and the connecting-rods of the typebars to the levers 5. There are six banks or rows of finger-keys, and the levers 4 and 5 for each bank vary in length. The levers 4 for the several banks are made successively longer, and the levers 5 successively shorter, so that in the first bank (nearest the operator) the levers 4 are the shortest ones in the machine and the levers 5 the longest ones, while in the last bank the levers 4 are the longest of the short levers and the levers 5 the shortest of the long levers. As the levers 4 for the different banks grow longer and the levers 5 shorter, the finger-keys are arranged to operate proportionately farther from the fulcra of the levers 4. By this construction and relative arrangement of keylevers a machine may be provided in which the depression of each finger-key of the various banks is exactly alike. and in which the power required to actuate each type-bar is practically the same or uniform throughout the machine, no matter which bank of fingerkeys may be operated upon.

The finger-keys consist of heads 33, hearing the letters, numerals, punctuation-marks, &c., corresponding with the type employed, and shanks or stems 34, which are each formed with two flat sides 34 at the lower end to fit closely into a socket-piece 35 provided with two flat parallel walls 36. The

extremity of the stem is slightly bent, as shown, and is hardened to afford a spring. In connecting the stem-key, this bent portion in passing between the parallel walls of the socket-piece is straightened out against its IIO spring-tension, thus bearing with greater force or friction within the socket. By this construction the stems are prevented from turning within their sockets and the heads thus getting out of alignment, while at the same time such a tight fit maybe made as to avoid the possibility of the stem-keys falling out during shipment and inversion of the machine.

The socket-piece 35, made with fiat sides, is formed at its lower end with an car 37, having a transverse perforation 38, and is connected to the lever 4 by means of two cheekpieces 39 and 40, which are corrugated to match the cross-section of the lever and provided with two sets of coincident perforations. The upper set of perforations register with the hole 38 and a rivet 41 is passed therethrough and headed-at each end. The lower set of perforations register with a hole in the lever 4 and receive arivet 42 by which the cheek-pieces are held securely to said lever. The perforation 38 being considerably larger than the rivet 41, the socket-piece is adapted to turn freely about said rivet.

The head 33 of the finger-key consists of a plate or support 43 on the upper end of the stem 34, a paper or other disk 44 bearingarepresentation of a type character, and a tubular cup or holder 45 having an inwardly-turned flange 4:6. The disk is cut to the shape and size of the bore of the cup and inserted therein from the bottom. The plate or support is likewise cut to the size and shape of the bore or interior of the cup and is inserted therein from the bottom with a tight fit, so as to securely confine the disk between the upper surface of the support and the flange 4:6. The cup, the disk, and the plate or support are made oval in order to prevent the cup or the disk from turning and assuming an angular position. By the use of the oval heads and the flat-sided stem-key sockets a greater number of key-levers and characters may be employed in a machine of given dimensions.

The type-bars, levers, or carriers are designated by the numeral 47 and are operated by connecting-rods 48, connected to the levers 5. Each type-bar is mounted in a bifurcated hanger 4:8 by means of a pivot or journal 49 passing through bearings 50 in the free ends of the forks of the hanger. To the rear bent end of the type-bar is attached by a rivet 51 a bifurcated U-shaped stirrup 52, having a perforation 53 in the central portion of its bottom or neck and having a cross-pin 54 above the same to receive the upper hooked or looped end 55 of the connecting-rod. The connecting-rod is attached to the stirrup before the latter is riveted to the type-bar and the cross-pin 54c put in place by passing the lower end of the connecting-rod down through the perforation 53 until the hooked or looped end is drawn to a position to register with the holes which are to receive the cross-pin. The latter may then be riveted in place, and the connecting-red thus securely held against movement in any direction relatively to the stirrup. The lower end of the connecting-rod is threaded, as seen at 50, to take into the threaded bore of the socket-piece 57, which at its lower end is formed with an eye 58 to receive a stud or pivot 50, fastened at the upper end of one of a pair of spring-arms and 61, corrugated at their lower ends and made fast on opposite sides of the lever 5 by a rivet 62.

The socket-piece 57 is coupled to the arms 60 and 61 by springingthe latter apart and causing the stud or pivot 59 to pass through the eye 58 as the arms are permitted to ap proach each other to resume their normal positions. By this simple means the connecting-rod is connected to the key-lever in amanner by which accidental detachment is insured against and by which the parts may be readily intentionally disconnected for the purpose of making adjustments or repairs. Below the threaded hole in the socket-piece the metal is cut through or slotted out transversely to form an opening 63, which communicates with the threaded hole for the purpose of permitting the escape of dust and dirt, which might accumulate in said hole and thus prevent the proper delicate adjustments required of the connecting-rods.

By corrugating the levers 4c and 5, and the cheek-pieces 39 and 40, and the arms 60 and 61 all movement of the latter devices is pre vented in case the' rivets are imperfectly set or become loose, in addition to which the corrugations take the force of the blows or shocks and relieve the rivets from all strains which would tend to loosen them or cause undue wear.

The bifurcated hangers are set radially upon and all around the type-ring or typeplate 2, and are held in place by vertical headed screws 64, whose points engage with threaded perforations 65 made in the typering. Between the top surface of each hanger and the lower side of the head of the screw 6& is arranged a washer 66. The washers are segmental in shape, and their ends are constructed on lines radiating from the center of the type-ring or the printing-point. They are so arranged as to abut against one another laterally and thus be prevented from turning, In order to reduce to the minimum or wholly prevent the washers from turning, (which may occur if imperfectly constructed or arranged,) I form each washer with a tongue 67 at one end and a recess 68 at the other. These washers are disposed so that the tongue or projection of one fits into the recess or cutout of that contiguous to it, thus forming a series of interlocking washers, by which construction any screw 64 of the series may be loosened or tightened to enable the adjustment of the hanger and the aligning of the type-bar without danger or liability of turning the hanger from its true radial position, which can occur in constructions wherein no means are provided for preventing the turning of the washers by the friction of the head of the screw.

lVhile l have used in practice the form of interlocking washers shown and prefer the same, I am of course aware that many variations in their shapes may be made, and for this reason do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise form or shape of interlocking washers shown. Instead of the angular form of interlocking devices illustrated, curved and other forms of tongues and recesses designed to intermatch may be employed instead. Each washer is provided centrally with a perforation for the passage of the shank of the screw 01, the head of which preferably overlies two adjoining washers.

The type-bars in their normal positions lie at their lower ends against a type-rest 71, which by flanged arms 72 is secured to the main frame. The type-rest consists of an outer sheet-metal frame 73 having a groove 7 and a two-ply or doubled piece of felt or other cushioning material 71, containing a spring stiffening and supporting wire 7 5, the ends of which abut, as seen at 7 0. The cushion 7 if: is doubled upon itself and stitched at or near the free edges, as shown at 7 7 The wire is then threaded through between the plies of the cushion, causing them to bulge outwardly, as illustrated at Fig. 23. The cushion is then sprung into the frame '7 3 and the bulged or convexed outer ply of the cushion caused to be seated in the groove 74:. The type-bars fall and rest against the inner exposed ply of the cushion. The type-bars are of course raised by the depression of the finger-keys through the key-levers 'and connecting-rods, and fall or return by gravity and under the action of the series of individual springs 29. The stems of the finger-keys are guided in perforations 78, formed in an inclined bridge-piece composed of a series of parallel bars 79. The compound key-levers are guided laterally between the teeth of a transverse reed-bar or comb 80, located about the middle of the machine, and seen in end elevation at Fig. 4.

At the left-hand side of the machine and at the rear thereof is a standard 81, and at the right-hand side in line therewith a standard 82, on which standards is mounted a carriage-guide rail 83. The stan dard S1 is formed with an car 84:, which is perforated to receive a fixed pin 35, adapted to engage with a hole formed in the left-hand end of the guide-rail 83. The'standard 82 is also formed with an car 80, threaded to receive a screw 87, secured to an arm 83, which at its lower end is provided with a conical projection 30, adapted to engage with a like depression made in the side of the standard. The screw 87 is provided with a plain end 90 long enough to take into a round hole in the right-hand end of the carriage-guide rail. The tops of the standards are formed with rounded seats 91 to support the cylindrical guide-rail. The guiderail is of a length equal to the distance between the inner surfaces of the cars 81- and 86, and after having been fitted at its ends into the seats 91 is secured in place by the single screw 87,which is prevented from working loose by the catch 89, the arm 88 forming a convenient means for turning the screw both to effect its insertion and withdrawal. The rail is prevented from rising from its seats by the pin 35 at one end and the pin 00 at the other end, and rotation of the rail is provided against by a tongue or feather 92 at the lefthand end of the rail, which engages with a notch or recess formed in the bore of the car 81.

03 represents a yoke or support, which is pro vided at each end with an ear or lug 9% having an eye or bearing 05 surrounding the guiderail 83 and adapted to slide freely thereon.

The yoke is provided at its ends at the front with two other perforated lugs 00, through which the rear rod 97 of the carriage-frame is passed. The yoke is secured to the carriage by vertical set-screws 98 passing down through the lugs 96 and bearing upon the rod 97. The yoke carries the feeddogs of the escapement mechanism, there being one rigid or solid dog and one flexible or yielding dog 100. The rigid dog 99 is formed integral with a collar 101, which is fastened by a setscrew 102 to a rod 103, which is adapted to slide endwise in bearings 101, formed at the ends of the yoke. The upper end of the collar 101 is recessed or forked, as seen at 105, to partially surround and slide against the carriage-rod 97.

The flexible dog 100 is made circular and formed integral with a U-shaped piece 105, which surrounds the guide-rail 83, and is jointed to the yoke by the pivot pin 106. The front arm or member of the Ushaped support or carrier passes up through a vertical elongated slot or opening 107 in the yoke, while the rear member passes to the outside or in rear of the yoke. The two members are perforated in line and coineidently with a transverse perforation in the yoke. The pivot-pin 106, threaded at its point, only passes through the perforations in the rear member and the yoke and engages with the perforation in the front member, which is tapped or threaded to receive the threaded end of the pivot-pin. The front member extends above the yoke and has connected to it one end of a spiral spring 108, whose other end is attached to the yoke, preferably to a pin 109 affixed thereto. The tension of the spring operates to throw the dog 100 to the left and against a step 110 on a collar 111 fast on the sliding rod 103 when said dog is released from the feed-rack 112, which is secured to arms or brackets 113, that are pivoted at 111 to cars or lugs 115, forming part of the framework.

To the forward end of each arm 113 is attached the upper end of a long link or coupling 116, which is connected to a universalbar frame, consisting of a lever pivoted at IOC IIC

IIE

each side of the machine and a cross-bar, as 117, which in practice underlies all of the key-levers, so as to be depressed thereby as they are individually operated.

Each arm 113 is provided with a pin or offset 118, which works against the free end of a flat spring 11!), attached to the framework, when the links 116 are pulled down. The said springs operate to return the universalbar frame and the rack after having been act uated. In the normal position of the rack the circular yielding dog 1.00 stands in the notch or space between two of its teeth, and the right-hand face of the U-shaped port-ion against a stop 119 on the collar 101. the rack is vibrated forward by operating a finger-key or space-key, the said dog leaves said notch, which instantly becomes occupied by the rigid dog 99, toward which the rack is vibrated. The carriage is thus held stationary. The moment the yielding dog is freed from the rack it is caused to swing toward the left, by the action of its spring 108, the distance of one letter-space and opposite the next preceding notch in the rack. On releasing the finger-key the rack returns to its first position, leaving the rigid dog and engaging with the flexible dog again. rack parts company with the rigid dog the carriage under the influence of the driving mechanism moves toward the left a letter space distance, being then arrested by the flexible dog, which is swung or vibrated back to its normal vertical position against the tension of its spring 108 by the superior force of the carriage-driving spring. The paper-carriage is thus adapted to move step by step toward the left of the machine during the time of writing.

hen the carriage is not being fed the rigid dog and the flexible dog stand in the same vertical plane and with the flexible dog in engagement with the rack. This is true Whether the carriage be down in working position or be turned upf or inspection or correction of the work, &c. The flexible dog is enabled to thus remain in engagement with the rack, whether the carriage be up or down, by reason of its circular construction. The said dog is segmental or arc-shaped, the center thereof being coincident with the axis of the guide-rod 83, which serves also as a hinge-rod for the paper-carriage. Hence when the carriage is turned up the flexible dog swings through without leaving the rack and thus the releasement of the carriage is prevented.

When it is desired to relieve the dogs from the rack to enable the carriage to be moved quickly toward the left, the rod103 is slid toward the left, preferably by means of'a' lever 120, pivoted on the under side of the left-hand carriage end bar, and a connecting-rod 1.21 at- When.

As soon as the causes the'pin 119 011 the collar 101 to tilt or vibrate the flexible dog laterally and raise it out of engagement with the feed-rack, thus releasing the carriage and permitting the driving mechanism to propel it rapidly toward the left of the machine. Upon the rod. 103 and between the end of the yoke and the collar 111 is arranged a coiled spring 123, which serves to return the rod and its appendages after releasement of the lever 120. During the return of the parts the collar 111 or the stop thereon acts to vibrate the flexible dog back to its vertical position against the stop 119 and in re-engagement with the rack.

The rod 103 is prevented from being slid back too far by the spring 123 by the presence of an abutment 124 depending from the yoke and against which the collar 101 strikes and bears.

The paper-carriage frame consists of the rear rod, 97, the front rod, 125, the right-hand end bar, 126, and the left-hand end bar, 127, all suitably and securely connected together.

The cylindrical platen 128 is mounted to rotate upon conical pivots or centers 1.29 pass ing through the end bars and fitting into recesses in the ends of the platen-axle 130.

Upon the front rod, 125, and centrally thereof is mounted abraeket 131,in which is journaled an antifriction-wheel 132 that travels upon a track or way 133 and supports the front portion of the paper-carriage. To the rear curved face of the bracket 131 is soldered or otherwise attached a band 134, bent approximately to match the curvature of the platen, but arranged a short distance from the latter for the purpose of deflecting the central portion of the leading edge of the paper being written upon and guiding it around and rearwardly of the platen. The band or deflector 134 is slotted longitudinally and transversely to provide a spring finger or tongue 135 between the ends of the deflector, which operates to hold the central portion of the sheet close against the platen during the writing and the line-space feeding. To the front side of the bracket 131 is secured a pointer 136, which travels over the face of a stationary scale-plate 137 attached to the front side of the track or way.

Upon the front rod 125 is arranged a righthand margin-stop 13S, adj ustable on said rod by a set-screw 139 for varying the width of margin at the left-hand side of the sheet. This stop is adapted to contact with an abutment 140 located at the right-hand end of the track or way. The said abutment is pivoted at 141 in a slot formed in said track and is provided with an inclined back 142 and a cross-pin 143, which rests on seats 1&1 located at the end of the track. B y this construction of abutment provision is made for annotations and marginal notes in the work.

WVhen the carriage is slid back to the right, each time after the completion of a line, the stop or arm 138 strikes against the vertical face of the abutment and the carriage is ar- IIO rested, always at the same point, so that the margin of the sheet maybe uniform. \Vhen it may be desired to make a marginal note or extend the writing farther to the left of the sheet, the carriage is raised slightly to lift the stop or arm 138 over the vertical face of the abutment, and said arm is carried as far to the right as desired or as the limit of movement of the carriage will permit. The writing may then be proceeded with, and as the arm in moving to the left arrives at the projecting back of the abutment it tilts or vibrates the latter out of the way. As soon as the arm has passed by the abutment the latter swings back to its normal position by gravity, as the preponderance of weight is arranged on the right-hand side of the abutment. It will be seen that the construction of the abutment is such that when a force is applied to it from the left it remains rigid, owing to the cross-pin and seat, while when a force is applied to it from the right it yields or turns upon its pivot.

At the left of the center of the rod 125 is arranged a bell-trip 145, adjustable by a setscrew 146 and provided with a horizontallyextending pin 147, which travels in the path of a vertical arm 148, weighted at its lower end and pivoted at 149 in the upper part of aplate or support 150, which is itself pivoted at its lower end, at 151, to a post forming part of the framework. Below the pivot 151 is attached the upper end of a depending bellhammer 152, adapted to strike abell or gong 153, attached to the framework at the lefthand side of the machine. The lower end of the pivoted arm 148 rests against a lug or boss 154, made integral with and arranged at the .rear side of the plate 150. As the pin travels to the left it strikes the upper end of the arm 148, which, through the boss, acts on the plate 150 and vibrates it and at the same time raises the hammer. As soon as the pin parts company with the arm 148 the pivoted parts all return to their normal positions by gravity and the hammer is caused to sound the gong. On the return of the carriage to the right the pin 147 in passing turns the arm 148 about its pivot without vibrating the plate 150 or giving an alarm.

Upon the rear carriage-rod, 97, are mounted to turn brackets or hangers 155, in which is journaled the pressure or feed roller 156, extending parallel with and against the platen when the paper is out of the machine. The roller is made to press against the platen by means of spiral springs 157 on the rod 97, one end of each of which springs is attached to one of the carriage end bars and the other end is attached to a notched disk or toothed wheel 158, arranged to slide on the rod 97. Secured to each bracket or hanger is a short pin 159, arranged parallel with the rod 97 and adapted to fit into any of the notches or spaces in the wheel or disk 158, and thus make a connection between the bracket and the coiled spring. The said pins 159 are arranged in front of and below the center or axis of the rod 97. By hanging the feed-roller in this manner simple and efficient means are provided for regulating the pressure of said roller, which is governed by the tension of the coiled springs 157.

If it be desired to increase or decrease the pressure of the feed-roller, the disks are slid endwise on the rod 97 until freed from the pins or teeth 159, and then turned backward or forward, according as the pressure is to be decreased or increased, and then engaged again with said pins, but at other notches. It will be understood of course that by turning the disks in one direction or the other the springs are either wound or unwound and thus given more or less tension or power, and that when the disks are re-engaged with the hangers through the pins, the hangers are vibrated slightly to carry the feed-roll either toward or away from the platen. The hangers are held against lateral movement in the direction of the middle of the rod 97 bya collar 169 screwed to-said rod on the inside of each hanger. Attached to each hanger is a paper-guide 161 for directing thesides of the sheet around and back of the platen. The usual carriage-scale 162 is likewise attached to the hangers.

At the right-hand end of the platen is secured a ratchet-wheel 163, with which engages a driving-pawl 164 pivoted at 165 at the upper end of an arm or lever 166 fulerumed on the axle or pivot of the platen and provided at its lower end with a segmental rack 167, arranged to engage or mesh with a similar rack 168, formed on the inner end of an angle-lever 169, whose fulcrum is at 170 011 the under side of end bar 126, and whose longer arm extends forwardly and terminates in a loop or finger portion 171, the said anglelever constituting what is known as the linespace lever. The driving-pawl is held in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel by a coiled spring 17 2 attached at one end to the pawl and at the other end to the vibratory arm 166. 113-511 the looped end of the lever 169 is vibrated to the right, the arm 166 is vibrated rearwardly by means of the segmental gears or racks carrying with it the driving-pawl which turns the platen. hen the line-spacc lever is released, it and its connected devices are returned to first position by a spiral spring 173, which is connected to the line-space lever and the inner side of the end bar 126. As the parts return, the driving-pawl bobs over one or more teeth of the ratchet-wheel (according to its throw) against the tension of its spring, owing to the greater power of the returning spring 173.

In order to hold the platen against rotation during writing, a platen-check is provided which consists of a pin or dog 174 projecting from a lever 17 5, fulerumed on the front rod 125 and engaging with the ratchet-wheel. The platen-check is held normally in contact with the ratchet-wheel by a spiral spring 1.76

connected at one end to the lever 1.75 and at its other end to the inner side of the end bar 126.

The driving-pawl is provided with a forwardly-extending arm 177 and the platencheck lever with a similar arm 178 beneath and in proximity thereto, so that by one movement the driving-pawl and the platencheck may both be disengaged from the ratchet-wheel to permit of the platen being freely and rapidly rotated in either direction. In order to govern the throw of the drivingpawl and hence the rotation of the platen a line-space-regulating mechanism is provided.

On the end bar 126 is an car 179 perforated for the passage of a spindle 1.80 and the reception of a spiral spring 181. The outer end of the spindle is provided with a knob 182, and the inner end is formed with a depressed portion. or notch 183. The ear 179 on the outside is formed with a convex or cam surface 184: terminating in a seat 185 at one extremity and in a seat 186 at the other extremity. A pin 187 on the spindle is adapted to rest in either one of said seats and to be confined thereto by the spring 181. \Vhen the pin is in the seat 185 the depressed or notched side of the spindle is uppermost and allows the arm 166 to occupy it, and the driving-pawl to drop back an extra tooth. If, while the regulator is in this position the line-space lever be actuated, the driving-pawl will turn the ratehet-wheel and platen the distance of two teeth on said wheel. When the pin 187 is given a quartenturn to avertical position and occupies the seat 186, the notched or depressed part of the spindle is turned away and the higher semicylinder portion of the spindle is brought uppermost, and the backwardmovement of the arm 166 and the driving-pawl are restricted to one tooth on the ratchetwheel. Hence, if the line-space lever be operated while the regulator is in this position, the platen will be driven the distance of one tooth only, or what is known as a half-line space. The spindle is prevented from turning accidentally by the presence of the spring and the cam-face, over which latter the pin has got to ride against the tension of the spring. The pin is carried from one position to another by pulling the spindle outwardly slightly and then turning it by means of the knob.

By providing the line-space lever with a vertieal pivot the throw of said lever is in a hori zontal plane and laterally and corresponding with the direction of movement or sweep of the arm in returning the carriage to its first position at the right-hand end of the machine. Hence the arrangement is a most convenient one for simultaneously returning the carriage and effecting the line-space feed of the platen. Inasmuch as but little power is required to turn the platen if the line-space lever be pulled laterally to return the carriage, the

. platen will be rotated while the carriage is returning by the one movement of the arm.

If it be desired to return the carriage without making the line-space, the same may be accomplished conveniently by pulling on the front carriage-rod or on the driving-pawl and platen-check projecting arms.

If it be desired to turn up the carriage to inspect the work, the finger may be inserted in the vertically-arranged loop at the end of the line-space lever and the operation thus per formed with great facility and without liability of the carriage falling by a slipping of the finger.

Upon the yoke near each end is cast or formed a support 188 having an inclined face and a transverse notch or recess 189 in its vertical back. The paper-table 1.90 is attached to said supports by means of a transverse rod 191, secured to or clasped by the free ends of two bent sheet-metal springs 192 riveted to the paper-table. The ends of said rod protrude beyond the springs and are sprung into the recess 189 in the support 188. The space between the rod and the paper-table is less than the width or thickness of the support above the recess, so that in order to get the ends of the rod into the recesses it is necessary to force or wedge back slightly the free ends of the springs carrying the rod, which may be done conveniently by bearing down upon the top of the paper-table. The ends of the rod may be withdrawn from the recesses bya strong upward pull upon the paper-table when it is desired to remove the latter for any purpose.

Of course instead of arranging the supports exteriorly of the springs they maybe arranged between them, in which event the interme diate portion of the rod will engage directly with the supports instead of the ends. To a pin or projection 193 on the yoke is detachably connected one end of a driving cord, chain, or band 194, whose other end is attached to a verticallyarranged drum 195 mounted to turn on a pivot 196 at the lefthand end of the machine and containing a coiled actuating-spring 197. The tendency of said spring-drum is to pull or draw the pa-. per-carriage to the left, its driving-band be in g arranged to pass over a pulley or idler 198, mounted on the bracket 81, for the purpose of changing the direction of pull.

The power of the spring 197 may be regulated by means of the ratchet or scape wheel 199 and an anchor-piecel 200 carrying pallets 201 and 202.

At the pivot or axis 196 of the spring-drum is secured a pinion 203,which engages with the teeth of a segmental rack 204, formed on the side or inner face of a plate or arm 205 secured to a rock-shaft 206, mounted in the framework and extending. across the machine. At or near the ends of said rock-shaft, at each side of the machine, is secured an arm 207, which is bifurcated or slot-ted at its upper portion, as seen at 208, to receive a pin 209 extending laterallyfroma ribbon-carrier, which an entirety is numbered 210. Each ribbon-carrier is constructed alike, and both are adapted to be moved back and forth by the described connections with the drivingdrum and to be guided in such movements.

Each l'lbb011(3t11l01 is made preferably of sheet metal and consists of a bottom bar 211, a top bar 212, and side bars 213. The bottom bar is provided at each end with an eye 21+L and with. a downward extension 215, to which is secured the pin 200. The said eyes or bearings 214 travel upon a rod 216, which serves to guide the lower end of the ribbonleft-hand side of the machine is elongated at its rear end and passing through a hole 223 in the main frame is provided at its extremity with a crank 224:, by which the spools may be rotated by hand and the inking-ribbon 225, connected to the spools, moved lengthwise from one spool to the other.

At the front end of the ribbon-spool on the left-hand side of the machine is secured a ratchet-wheel 226, the teeth of which are formed on the side or face of the wheel, and extend in the direction of its axis after the fashion of crown-wheels.

Across the machine just back of the keyboard is arranged a rock-shaft 227, at the left-hand end of which is secured a pawl or finger 228 adapted to engage with the ratche wheel 226 and turn the ribbon-spool to which it is connected.

At the front end of the ribbon-spool 011 the right-hand side of the machine is secured a ratchet-wheel 220 similar in construction to that marked 226, and at the right-hand end of the rock-shaft 227 is mounted a pawl or finger 230, which is adapted to engage with said ratchet-wheel 22!) and rotate the ribbonspool to which it is fastened. The said pawls or fingers 228 and 230 are so arranged upon the rock-shaft that when one is in engagement with its ratchet-wheel the other is out of engagement or performs no work. Either pawl or finger may be thrown into play by moving the rock-shaft longitudinally in its bearings in the main frame, said shaft being prolonged at one end and provided with a knob 231 for conveniently effecting the shift ing movements of the pawls.

The extended end of the rock shaft is formed with three grooves, 232, with which a forked latch 233 is adapted to engage for the purpose of maintaining the rock-shaft in the position it may be desired to have it occupy. \Vhen the latch is in engagement with the innermost groove the pawl 230 is arranged for action and when in engagement with the outermost groove the pawl 228 is set for operation. The intermediate groove is engaged by the latch only when it is desired to throw both pawls out of working relation, to enable the ribbon to be run rapidly from one spool to another, or to be disconnected entirely for substitution by another ribbon.

The rock-shaft is bent or bowed between its ends to pass around the front connectingrods, and is provided with a spring 234, attached at one end to the framework and at the other to the pawl 228, said spring tending to throw the pawls rearwardly and maintain them in working relation to their respective ratchet wheels. In order to prevent the pawls being thrown down by the spring when the rock-shaft is shifted to move both pawls out of operative relation to their ratchetwheels, a stop 235 is provided in the path of the heel of the pawl 22].

The operation of the ribbon-moving mechanism will now be more particularly described. When the paper-carriage is at the end of its travel to the right, the ribbon-carriers stand at the end of their travel toward the front of the machine and when the carriage is at the end of its travel to the left the ribbon-carriers stand at the end of their travel toward the rear of the machine. As the machine is operated and the paper-carriage is moved step by step toward the left, the ribbon-carriers (and the ribbon, of course,) are gradually or step-by-step moved rearwardly automatically by the devices intermediate the ribbon-carriers and the spring driving-drum. hen the paper-carriage moves to the left the driving-drum moves in the direction of the arrow at Fig. 3 and the pinion 203 drives the rack 20 i downwardly and the forked or slotted arms are caused to rock or vibrate rearwardly and by their connection with the pins 209 gradually move the ribbon-carriers toward the back of the machine. On the return of the carriage to the right the springdrum turns in the opposite direction and the intermediate connections described are actuated in the reverse direction, thus operating to move the ribbon-carriers toward the front of the machine. The parts are so proportioned and timed as that the ribbon is moved rearwardly practically its whole width during the full travel of the paper-carriage to the left and is moved forwardly a like distance or extent during the full travel of the papercarriage to the right. The ribbon is moved longitudinally and wound from one spool onto the other by means of the ratchet-wheels and pawls or fingers referred to.

If it be desired to feed the ribbon toward the left the pawl or finger 228 is arranged to co-operate with the ratchet-wheel 226, an d the pawl 230 is thereby freed from acting upon the ratchet-wheel 229. As the carriers move rearwardly the point of the pawl or finger 228 vibrates downwardly, bobbing idly over the inclined faces of preferably two of the teeth of the ratchet-wheel, but following along after the latter and maintaining its engagement or operative relation, simply sinking to a lower position. 011 the return forward movement of the carriers the ratchet-wheel 226 is met by said pawl, which then operates to turn the ratchet-wheel and its spool the distance of one tooth and hence to feed the ribbon lengthwise a short distancesay about the width of a type. As the ratchet-wheel 226 moves forward it vibrates or rocksthe pawl or finger and causes it to rise again, and in rising the point or free end of said pawl or finger pushes against the straight or square side of a tooth on the ratchet-wheel and effects a partial rotation of the latter and of its associated ribbon-spool and ribbon-spool shaft.

It will be understood, of course, that when the ribbon has been all wound upon the lefthand spool, or when it is desired to have it wind upon the right-hand spool, the pawl or finger 230 is thrown into engagement with its ratchet-wheel and the pawl 228 thus disengaged.

The spool-shaft is prevented from working out endwise accidentally by a fiat or wire spring 236 fixed to the framework and extend ing into a circumferential groove 237 in the shaft just back of the rear head of the ribbon-spool. This spring operates also to give a slight friction or resistance to the shaft, to prevent it and the spool turn-ing backward under the tension of the inking-ribbon after the spool has been partially rotated by the push-pawl and ratchet-wheel.

The spools are preferably connected to their shafts by means of grooves and feat-hers, the shafts being grooved longitudinally and the bores of the spools being provided each with a pin or feather. The spools and shafts are thus prevented from turning independently.

The top bar 212 of each ribbon-carrier is cut away or depressedto form two side stops 238 which prevent the ribbon from moving laterally or ed gewise relatively to the ribb on-carriers, and to prevent the ribbon from climbing or rising off the ribbon-carriers the latter are each provided with a cross-wire 239 which overlies the ribbon. Thesaid cross-wire is preferably pivoted to one of the stops 238, and formed with a projection 249 at its other end which takes into a perforation 250 in the other one of the two stops 238. By this construction the ribbon is not only properly held in working position and guided across the machine, but may be quickly slipped off of the carriers when occasion requires. The ribbon is guided from the spool to the carrier, or vice versa, by means of a loop 251 secured to the carrier. The ribbon is supported centrally of the machine by an open rectangular frame 252, which is pivoted at one end, at 253, on the under side of the track or way, and which is formed with a hook 254 at its other end that engages with a pin 255 depending from the track, all in a manner to permit the frame being swung out of the way when aligning, adjusting, or making repairs.

At each side of the machine is a space-key 255 connected to a lever 256 which overhangs the universal bar in a manner to depress the same and actuate the escapement mechanism or carriage feeding devices whenever either space-key is depressed. A spiral spring 257 attached at one end to the bridge-piece and at the other end to the space-key returns the latter and its lever to first position after depression.

So far as some of my improvements in the type-moving mechanism are concerned the key-levers may be of simple form instead of compound, and numerous other changes throughout the machine may be made as to other parts without departing from the spirit of my various improvements, the gist of which will now be more fully ascertained by reference to the following clauses of claim.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a type-writin g machine, the combination with a type-carrier, and an intermediate connection, of a compound key-lever consist ing of two levers pivoted together at their inner ends, one having a fixed fulcrum at its outer end and the other a sliding fulcrum at its outer end.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a series of key-levers notched at their edges, of a fulcrum and guide bar having a series of vertical bars or plates formed with a series of slots or recesses, a continuous fulcrum-wire arranged within the series of notches and slots or recesses, and a series of springs operating to keep the notches against the fulcrum-wire and the key-levers in proper working relation.

3. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a series of key-levers notched at their upper edges, of a fulcrum and guide bar having a series of vertical bars or plates formed at their upper ends with inclined recesses, a continuous fulcrum-wire arranged within the series of notches and recesses, and a series of springs.

4:. In a type-writing machine, the combina tion with a series of key-levers, of a fulcrum and guide bar having a series of slots or recesses, a continuous supporting wire or rod arranged in said recesses, and a series of bent springs each seated upon said rod and bearing at one end against a key-lever and at the other end against a fixed support.

5. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a series of key-levers each having a notch, a fulcrum and guide bar havinga se- 

